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Look Deeper in Natural CalamitiesLike endless nightmares, there have been many natural calamities recently, such as the earthquake in Yushu and the volcano eruption in Iceland which caused great loss. It seems that natural disasters will always accompany many people believe, natural disasters are usually harmful, or even terminal. We can't have forgotten the earthquake in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province, which taken away over 50,000 lives. Anyhow, we aren't capable of preventing natural disasters from happening, which is rather depressing. We can be well prepared, though. It is necessary for us to be trained for handling the , we still need to look deeper, which may aid us in handling many of the natural calamities. Seeking for causes of natural disasters for many years, people have achieved much progress at the same time. Some natural disasters, like muddy flood and landslide, have something to do with human activities, which should be deeply looked into. Now we are getting more and more sources from the environment, and keep creating waste on end. All what we've done has led to large quantities of problems, including natural calamities. With the wildly release of CO2, the Global Warming has becoming more and more serious, which contributes to drought and floods in different parts of the world. In 2008, south part of China suffered from a horrible snowstorm which lasted for almost one month. At the beginning of this year, farmlands in south-western China dried out due to the abnormal humans' effect, those disasters may still happen, while how can they appear so frequently? In the past,we seldom have the El Nino. But at this point,we experience it every year. These facts all infer that the environment is settling an account with us for our greed and stupidity. If we cannot make up for our mistakes, our guilty will suffer before ancestor have told us to live in harmony with nature centuries ago, while still some people takes no notice of that. We must change our behaviours now, not just for a solution to reduce the damage of natural when we begin to respect and love the nature will we live a better life. We really need to look deeper, and try to treat the nature more friendlily.
今天我回到家，看见桌子上有一个又圆又大的西瓜。
Today, when I got home, I saw a big round watermelon on the table.
西瓜绿绿的，中间有黑色的条纹。我说：“妈妈，快点切开西瓜吧，我已经很热了。”妈妈把西瓜切开，红红的西瓜瓤，黑黑的籽。我和妈妈大口大口的吃着西瓜，甜蜜蜜的西瓜真好吃。吃完西瓜我马上凉快了。
Watermelon is green with black stripes in the middle. I said, _Mom, cut the watermelon quickly. I'm already hot._ Mother cut the watermelon, red watermelon pulp, black seeds. My mother and I ate watermelon with a big mouthful. The watermelon with sweet honey is really delicious. I'll be cool soon after eating the watermelon.
我非常爱吃西瓜。
I like watermelon very much.
本单元以A Trip to Beijing为话题，学生通过本单元学习，能够表达请求许可，能够询问及表达两地距离，掌握一百以上数字的读法与写法，初步学习比较等级的形式及用法; 学会制定计划以及用英语购买票。
1 、 Lesson 1 要求学生通过学*明与妈妈关于去北京旅行的对话，通过技能训练掌握表示意愿以及请求许可的表达方式。
2、 Lesson 2 以打电话的形式，要求学生学习如何邀请别人一起旅行以及一些旅行安排的表达方式。
3、 Lesson 3要求学生通过学习本课能够询问及表达两地的距离，并掌握100以上数字的读法与写法。
4、 Lesson 4以唱歌和对话的形式要求学生复习各种交通方式，并通过对比初步学习比较等级的形式及用法。
5、 Lesson 5通过学习本课掌握一周七天的读法与写法，重点掌握如何作旅行计划，学会征询别人的意见。
6、 Lesson 6通过学习Jenny和Li Ming做旅行准备的对话，重点复习this, that, these, those的用法，及谈论数量，提供帮助的表达方式。
7、 Lesson 7通过本课学习购票的表达方式及劝阻他人不做某事的表达法，同时要求学生学会书面讲述令自己兴奋的一次经历。
8、 Lesson 8帮助学生复习运用本单元所学内容。
2002年《大学法语大纲》明确规定：“大学法语教学的目的是培养一定的阅读能力，初步的听、说、读、写、译的能力，使学生能以法语为工具，获取专业所需，为进一步提高法语水平打下较好的基础。”盖房子最重要的是搭地基，对于法语二外教学，打基础就是最重要的。学过法语的人都知道，法语确实是一门很难的语言。如果给学生打好了扎实的基础，那么一切都将迎刃而解。
(一) 法语二外课时和内容相比显得过少。每周四课时，开设四个学期，总共256课时，听、说、读、写、译各方面的内容都要涉及到，打好基础，在这么少的课时下，要达到教学目标面临不少困难。
(二) 各个学校选用的法语二外教材都不尽相同，每套教材侧重点不同，例如有的侧重笔头，有的侧重口语，给参加英语专业研究生考试的学生带来不少烦恼。
(三) 法语辅导书种类繁多，不好选择，与教材配套的辅导书也常常出现错误，给教师教学和学生学习带来一些困难。
我就是实验二校二年级五班的赵永超，我长得瘦瘦的，平时上课不太认真，学习成绩不好。可是期中考试我考得不错，妈妈可高兴了，还带我去了东营玩了一次呢！
I'm Zhao Yongchao from class 5, grade 2 of experimental school 2. I'm skinny. I don't take classes seriously and I don't get good grades. But I did well in the mid-term exam. My mother was very happy. She took me to Dongying for a visit!
我从小就很爱画画，我的画画得很好，什么人物、动物、花草树木我都会画。
I love painting very much since I was a child. I draw very well. I can draw all kinds of people, animals, plants and trees.
我以后要好好学习，争取每次考试都拿到好的成绩。
I will study hard in the future and try to get good grades in every exam.
香蕉出产于南方。它外表黄黄的，剥开里面是奶油色的，让人忍不住流口水，真想一口吃掉它。它的味道甜甜的，吃起来软绵绵的，给人一种很舒服的感觉。
Bananas are produced in the south. It's yellow on the outside and cream on the inside. People can't help drooling. I really want to eat it. Its taste is sweet and soft, giving people a very comfortable feeling.
香蕉是市场上最容易获得的水果，它不仅能供给人体丰富的营养和多种维生素，还可以使皮肤柔嫩光泽、眼睛明亮、精力充沛、延年益寿。所以我最爱吃香蕉了。
Banana is the most easily available fruit on the market. It can not only provide rich nutrition and vitamins for human body, but also make skin soft and glossy, eyes bright, energetic and longevity. So I like bananas best.
In the morning, my grandmother said, _I'll treat you to breakfast tea for your holiday today._ After finishing breakfast tea, my grandmother took me to the library to guess my mind quickly. We guessed two questions correctly and got two pens. When I returned home, I wrote and traced the words.
In the afternoon, my grandmother took me to my mother-in-law's house, and my sister accompanied me to play with plasticine. Later, my mother took me and my sister to eat KFC and play games together. In the end, my mother also bought a book for me and my sister alone.
Happy Children's Day!
Before you hit the roads to achieve a goal, have you ever given any thought to your motivation or what are you expecting to get as a reward? Attitudes towards this question vary from person to person. Some people claim that wealth and fame is the best motivation and reward, others believe that the fulfillment of a job well done is its own reward. In my opinion, the later point holds more water. In the end, it is the joy in the journey that truly matters.
Doing the work with the attempt to be rich or famous will bring an unfortunate outcome and even will lead us to a dangerous situation. Gradually, we will consider wealth and fame as the most important things in our lives instead of the care of our parents, or our ‘Friends-time’. Besides, this kind of thought might have bad effects on our work, since we only care about how much money we earn or how to get as many glories as we can, we may tend to forget the original significance of doing the job and can’t concentrate our minds on doing the job well. Thus our work efficiency will be reduced and it is unlikely that we can make a great development in our own career. What’s worse, once we fail to get or lose all those glories or wealth, we may feel rather depressed, empty and even sink into a desperate situation.
However, if we change our train of thought and attach more importance to the sense of happiness and fulfillment by accomplishing some simple things, our life will become more wonderful. We won’t get tired of our work and we will be courageous enough to overcome all the
obstacle on our road and enjoy the abundant happiness that the job brings to us. Every workday is like a journey full of surprise and delight. Besides, without the burden of wealth or fame, we can immerge ourselves into the job and there is a good chance that we can achieve a lot. In this case, although we don’t aim for wealth and fame, wealth and fame will follow naturally. If not, we will not feel discouraged, as we firmly believe that the happiness and fulfillment during the journey is the best reward for our work.
Van Gogh sold only one painting during his life, but this didn’t stop him from completing over 800 paintings because he never aims to make money or get fame when he creates new works. As for van Gogh, he values the process of pursuing instead of the results. It’s the pleasure and fulfillment in the process of creating gives him abundant motivation. If Van Gogh had always been fascinated in fame and wealth, he would not have had such wonderful works and the world would never have had such a genius of art.
As a senior high student who are preparing for the college entrance examination, we can’t say that the scores is not important. But I still strongly recommend that we should cherish the process of our learning and enjoy the perpetual and interior happiness it brings to us. No matter whether we succeed in the end or not, we have got the best reward for our work.
With the economic globalization becoming increasingly intensive, invention or innovation has become one of central topic around the world. many countries see it as the key to develop their economy. our government, with no eception, regard it as _ the soul of our nation._ what, however, can we benefit from it? first of all, invention or innovation can enhance overall national economy, which is important to heighten our nation status in the world. additionally, if factories have the abilities in invention, the factories will be booming. as a result, they can provide our people with more jobs and it will make our nation more stable. what is more, a majority of new products may be avaible through invention. therefore, it is also significant factor for improving our living standards. owing to such benefits, no wonder more and more countries focus on invention today. recognizing its importance is only the fist step to advocate invetion or innovation, and some effective measures should be taken for it. for one thing, our authority should continue to enlarge the recruit of graduate. for another, the conditions of scientists and skilled workers should be further improved. only in this way, can _the soul of our nation_ be fully embodied and our nation have a brighter future.
(一)通过谈话引出正题：大家暑假去没去旅游，谁能说说旅游情况?注意：用英语会话。
(二)导入课文，学习相关句子。
重点句子
1. —May I go on a trip to Beijing? —Yes, you may. / No, you may not.
1. How far is it from China to Canada? It’s about eight thousand five hundred kilometer.
2. A train is slower than a plane, but faster than a bus.
3. What do you think of it?
4. I want to go to the Great Wall.
5. May I help you? Sure.
6. How much for a ticket on the T58 from Shijiazhuang to Beijing, please?
7. Please don’t run or jump.
(三)具体实施
the students and get them to talk about their holidays.
T: I haven’t seen you for long ages, boys and girls! How is it going?
S: Quite well. How are you?
T: I’m fine, too. Thanks. Did you have a nice holiday?
S: Yes.
T: Would you like to share your experience with me? … What did you do?
S: I read a lot.
T: You must have learnt a lot.
some other students to talk about their holidays. And then show some places of interest and
continue talking with the students to make them understand the phrase go on a trip to.
T: I had a nice holiday too. I went on a trip to Beijing. Look! There are some pictures about this city.
Show the students the following pictures.
T: How about the first picture?
S: It’s Tian’anmen Square.
T: That’s right! The second one?
S: It’s Gugong. (In Chinese)
T: In English It is named the Palace Museum. S: The Palace Museum.
T: How about the last one?
S: It’s Changcheng.
T: It’s the Great Wall in English.
S: The Great Wall.
T: There are so many beautiful places in Beijing. And Beijing is the capital city of our country. Would you like to travel to Beijing? (To one student)
T: Would you like to go on a trip to Beijing too?
the student to answer. Make sure the students know the meaning of go on a trip to.
S: Yes. I’d like to go on a trip to Beijing. T:…(略)
the students to learn to talk about permission by using the phrase: to go on a trip to. The teacher can show them some pictures of places of interest to help them to discuss.
T: What city would you like to go on a trip to, Beijing or Guilin?
S: I’d like to go on a trip to Guilin.
more students the same question to let them learn the phrase go on a trip to well
T: Gulin is a very beautiful place. May I go on a trip with you?
the student to answer: Yes, you may. Or No, you may not.
Explain the meaning in Chinese if necessary. S: Yes, you may.
T: (To another student) I have no money to go on a trip to Guilin. May I borrow some money?
S: No, you may not.
T: Li Ming wants to go on a trip to Beijing. Listen to the tape carefully. Does Li Ming’s mother go on a trip to Beijing too?
S: (After listening) Yes.
“Mindless habitual behavior is the enemy of innovation. ” I assume that you are familiar with Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s famous remark. It is obvious that a man who always stick to habit and experience can hardly create new things .
Rosabeth Moss Kanter’s remark aims at informing us of the significance of innovation. Why does innovation play an indispensable role in our life ? innovation can promote the advancement of both individuals and society as a whole. only those who are innovative can make continuous progress and maintain a petitive edge. Quite a few examples can be given to prove the importance of A, and I can think of no better illustration than the following one: how could Steve Jobs, a genius who changed the way of modern munication, recreation and even our life, launch so many powerful electronic products constantly without creative spirit?
We should always bear in mind that the consciousness of innovation is of great significance to us all. Hence, we need to develop a habit of discovering new things，using new methods and applying new thoughts in our work, study or simply everyday life. “Innovation is the spirit of human being’s progress.” A philosopher once said.
1、作文卷面要保持整洁，不要连笔，不要涂改，这是获取印象分的重点。很多考生由于在考场过于紧张导致作文的单词老是写错，这是致命伤啊，会直接让你越写越没感觉就越没信心了，所以*常要加强练笔！
2、全文的第一句和各段的第一句必须是文章的中心句，最好能用复杂句表达。这是因为阅卷老师一般没有那么多的时间去看作文，所以只能大概浏览下各段的首句，这是获得高分的关键。
3、全文结构布局：全文分为三段，第一段3句，第二段5句，第三段4句，可根据具体情况调整。段落中，第一句是topic ，第二三句是detail ，第三句是conclusion 。
Part I
EXL3800 Electric Dictionary
EXL3800 electric dictionary is a kind of dictionary developed and manufactured with the latest technology. It is a great helper for your study with the following features: ·It is a portable English-Chinese and Chinese-English Dictionary with 45,000entries and 55,000 examples. What is more, all the words have real voice pronunciation recorded by native speakers. You can search words and titles just like using a Google searcher. It is a good helper for business travel and language study.
· It works efficiently with 32-bit MCU. With its USB inter face and a built in memory of 4GB, it is very convenient for you to download resources from the Internet. In addition, it can be charged through connected computers.
·It has the function of MP3/MP4 which enables your desires for entertainment.
·It looks refreshing with a color screen and you can also choose the outside color from black, blue, pink and silver as you like.
EXL3800 electric dictionary is a product just for you!
Part II
Proposal on cuts to promotion budgets next year
Introduction:
His is a proposal deals with possible cuts to promotion budgets next year. Proceedings:
This proposal is based on the research on the conditions of our company conducted last month.
Findings:
After the research I suggest cut the promotion budgets for the following reasons: ·With the expansion of our company, we need to employ some employees next year. As a consequence, some budgets on the budgets for the wages of the new employees has to be made.
·The economic crisis stroke our business at the beginning of last year and we haven’t gone over the effect of it completely. The profits we have gained till now have not surpassed the state before the crisis. If we still invest much money in promotion, finical problems will arise in our company before long.
·In order to catch up with the trend of the latest technology, some innovations have to be made in the research and development process. It is estimated that the budgets on the research and development should be increased by 40 percent so as to
accomplishment of innovation.
·According to the statistics, the budgets on promotion takes an account of 52% of our total budgets, which has been the largest investment of our company.
Conclusions:
Based on the above findings, we need to cut the promotion budgets in order to maintain the sustainable development of our company.
Recommendations
The time of the ads on TV should be cut by 60%. Meanwhile, in order to be recognized by our potential customers, we would like to take advantage of the platform of the Internet on which the ads are of impact and inexpensive as well. Remarks from the judges: Organized and well written, but you could expand your recommendations.
假定你是高中生李岳，有感于校园中存在的随意涂写(scribble) 和乱丢垃圾(litter)的行为，请用英文给校长写封信;1. 说明写信的目的 2.对这些行为提出批评 3.提出建议
Dear Mr. Headmaster,
I am Li Yue , a student from class one ,senior II . I am writing to draw your attention to some improper behavior among us students : littering and scribbling . It makes our school dirty and unpleasant , and does harm to the image of our school . I always feel ashamed whenever I see this . It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about. I wonder if the school could place more dustbins around and set up specific rules against such behavior. At the same time , students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves. I believe that , with the joint efforts of bother teachers and students ,our school will become a more enjoyable place in the near future. Thank for your consideration.
Yours faithfully,
Li yue
我叫王XX，本人学的是旅游服务与导游专业。于今年6月份毕业于XXX学校，今天来面试贵公司的导游一职。
在校期间，经过自己的努力，取得了普通话二级乙，初级计算机。餐厅等证书。在假期日，为提高自身的`工作能力，曾到XX市各个景点做讲解员。期间不仅锻炼了自己的口才，工作能力，更是增加了我的社会经历。
实习期间8月至今在XX海洋世界担任务讲解员一职，工作期间负责馆内海狮表演、人鱼表演以及海洋生物的讲解，讲解中能做到口齿清楚，普通话标准，思路清晰。在这期间养成了良好的职业素质与素养，处事有责任心，有耐心。具有较强的沟通能力、客户服务能力。
虽然我不是最优秀的，但我一定是最尽力的！如果我获得了这份工作，我将会很努力去做它，我希望能给我一次机会让我去做好它！不求做的最好，只求做的更好！
——少儿英语故事大赛 (菁选3篇)
假定你是李华，你们学校和一所美国学校签署了教师交流协议。在过去的一年里，你们的英语老师是来自这所学校的Sue Wood 。 不久前她返回美国任教。请根据要求写封电子邮件。1.对她表达感谢之意 2.介绍她离开后自己和班级发生的事情 3.希望了解她的近况
Dear Sue ,
I’m LiHua ,one of your students in China .It’s almost a month since you left us . We all miss you and are very grateful for what you did for us when we were together .
We are busy as usual. We had an English speech contest the other day . I won the first prize! This again reminds me of all your kind help . Do you still remember the trees we planted together on the hill behind the school? Yesterday we went there and watered them. The three you planted yourself is growing well ,and the whole class decided to name it Sue wood . Will you come back to see Sue wood ?
How is everything with you lately ? We hope to know more about you and your American students . Hope to keep in close touch .
All the best
Liu Hua
假设你是李华，曾在美国学习半年，现已回国。你想联系你的美国老师Mr. Smith ，但没有联系方式。请根据以下要点给你的美国同学写信 1.感谢Tom对你学习上的帮助 2. 询问Mr. Smith的近况并索要其联系方式 3. 邀请Tom在春节来中国感受中国文化。
Dear Tom,
Thank you very much for your kind help when I stayed in America . With your help , my English has improved a lot and my teachers and friends are surprised at my fluent English.
How is Mr. Smith ? I want to know something about his life. I tried to get in touch with him ,but unfortunately I don’t have his address and can’t connect with him .Do you have his email address or his telephone number?
The spring festival is coming . It is an important traditional festival for Chinese , when all the family members get together . It is like Christmas in the western countries .Would you like to come to feel the Chinese culture ? I am sure you will live happily here and learn a lot of funny things . Besides, I can also show you around some places of interest.
Best wishes ! I am looking forward to your reply .
Yours ,
Li hua
假设你是某中学新老师李红，请给你的朋友张华写封信，告诉他你第一天上课的情景，主要内容如下：1.描述一件课堂上令你印象深刻的事情 2.介绍你处理该事的方式 3.谈谈你的感想
Dear zhuanghua ,
It’s three months since I heard from you last time . Now I want to tell you an impressive story happening on my first lesson .
On hearing the bell students ran into the classroom as quickly as they could. But a boy ,LIMing , whose father died a month ago , was late for the class. He stood outside the classroom silently . I smiled to him and let him come in. After a while ,he cried on his desk . Then I walked to him and asked what had happened . He told me that his mother was ill and he had to take some medicine for her . At the same time ,he apologized to me for his lateness . Moved by his words , I praised him for his deeds and decided to sing a song named “mother” for the students . How time flies ! Class was over before I realized it .
From the story I felt we should respect our parents and do our best to help them . Do you think so ? I’m looking forward to your reply .
Yours truly ,
Li Hong
Located in southwest Shanghai---Songjiang, Sheshan National Holiday Resort has unique natural views and cultural interest. Sheshan National Forest Park is rated as one of the first AAAA tourism sites. It has four tourism sites: East Sheshan Park, West Sheshan Park, Tianmashan (Heaven Horse Mountain) Park, and Xiaokunshan Park.
Animals and plants abound on the East Sheshan Mountain. There are wild sika deer, pangolin scales and about 100 kinds of birds. Besides, there are about 2,000 types of plants such as cinnamomum camphoras and moso bamboos. The main attractions in East Sheshan are the Bird Center, the Butterfly Garden, the Plant Fossil Forest and the Wonder Stone Cave. Sheshan is also famous for its bamboo shoots, honey peaches and Lan Tea. The Sheshan bamboo shoot was named 'Lan Sun (Orchid Shoot)' by Kang Xi (an emperor in the Qing Dynasty), because it smells like an orchid. Lan Tea is known as 'Shanghai Longjing Tea.'
There are also many attractions on the West Sheshan Mountain. The Church of Our Lady of Sheshan is the biggest church in Southeast Asia as well as the landmark architecture of Sheshan Mountain. The Sheshan Observatory is one of the earliest and largest observatories in China. The Astronomy Museum is a National Science Education Base. The Seismographic Station is one of the earliest institutes for earthquake research.
佘山位于中国上海市松江区，分东佘山跟西佘山，是大上海的后花园。上海佘山国家森林公园位于中国上海西郊松江区境内，距市中心30公里，是上海唯一的自然山林胜地。园内十二座山峰犹如十二颗大小不等的翡翠从西南趋向东北，蜿蜒连绵13公里，使一马*川的上海*原呈现出灵秀多姿的山林景观。
东佘山园海拨74米，山地面积800余亩，山地钟秀、林木葱郁、景冠九峰。山上动植物资源丰富。这里尤以山间所产竹笋有兰花幽香而著名，当年清康熙帝南巡至此，品赏后即御书“兰笋山”三字，并赐名此笋为“兰花笋”。
西佘山园景区是云间九峰中环境最好、面积最大的景区。园内灿烂的人文景观和秀丽的自然风光吸引着众多的中外游客。山顶浓荫深处一幢气势非凡的赭红色建筑，就是名闻遐迩的`“远东第一大教堂”。与之毗邻的那个穹庐形建筑，是中国最古老的天文观测台。
假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s ride bicycles”的英语演讲比赛活动。请撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容：1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题 2.骑自行车的益处，如节能环保，有利健康等 3. 参考词汇 low-carbon life energy saving
Good morning , everyone ,
I’m Li Hua from Xing Guang Middle topic of my speech is“Let’s ride bicycle” .
As is known to all, with the improvement of people’s living standards , cars have become a popular means of transport ,bringing great convenience to our life .However , they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams .
How can we solve the problems then ? As far as I am concerned , riding bicycles is a good solution .For one thing, bicycles don’t need any petrol and they are energy –saving . For another , bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t give off waste gas .What’s more , riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health .
Therefore, let’s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles . Come on and join us !
Thank you!
1、什么是防汛?
防汛是指为防止和减轻洪水灾害，在洪水预报、防洪调度、防洪工程运用等方面进行的有关工作。
2、什么是汛期?
汛期是指江河由于流域内季节性降水、融冰、化雪引起季节性水位上涨的时期。我市汛期为5月1日至9月30日。
3、什么是洪灾?
洪灾是由于江、河、湖、库水位猛涨，堤坝漫溢或溃决，水流入境而造成的灾害。洪灾除对农业造成重大灾害外，还会造成工业甚至生命财产的损失，是威胁人类生存的十大自然灾害之一。
4、降雨等级划分?
小雨：24小时降雨量小于10毫米。
中雨：24小时降雨量在—25毫米之间。
大雨：24小时降雨量在—50毫米之间。
暴雨：24小时降雨量在—100毫米之间。
大暴雨：24小时降雨量在—200毫米之间。
特大暴雨：24小时降雨量大于200毫米。
5、暴雨预警信号等级划分?
蓝色预警：12小时内降雨量将达50毫米以上，或者已达50毫米以上且降雨可能持续。
黄色预警：6小时内降雨量将达50毫米以上，或者已达50毫米以上且降雨可能持续。
橙色预警：3小时内降雨量将达50毫米以上，或者已达50毫米以上且降雨可能持续。
红色预警：3小时内降雨量将达100毫米以上，或者已达100毫米以上且降雨可能持续。
6、洪水量级划分?
一般洪水：洪峰流量的重现期5～10年一遇的洪水。
较大洪水：洪峰流量的重现期10～20年一遇的洪水。
大洪水：洪峰流量的重现期20～50年一遇的洪水。
特大洪水：洪峰流量的'重现期大于50年一遇的洪水。
7、什么是设防水位?
为考虑堤基和滩区设施的安全，当水位漫滩以后，堤防开始临水时确定为设防水位，又叫一线水位。到此水位管理单位要做好防汛准备，从日常的管理工作进入防汛岗位。
8、什么是警戒水位?
根据堤防质量、渗流现象以及历年防汛情况，把有可能出险的水位，定为警戒水位，又叫二线水位。到达该水位，要进行防汛动员，调动常备防汛队伍，进行巡堤查险。
9、什么是保证水位?
系指堤防设计水位或历史上防御过的最高洪水位。接近或达该水位，防汛进入全面紧急状态，堤防临水时间已长，堤身土堤可能达饱和状态，随时都有出险的可能。这时要密切巡查，全力以赴，保护堤防安全。并根据“有限保证，无限负责”的精神，对于可能超过保证水位的抢护工作也要做好积极准备。
——全国导游大赛自我介绍 (菁选3篇)
今天我坐火车到英雄城——南昌，呀！南昌真大，高楼大厦，高低措落美丽极了。
Today, I took the train to hero city - Nanchang, ah! Nanchang is really big. It's a high-rise building. It's very beautiful.
南昌的夜晚，灯火辉煌。五颜六色的霓红灯，使人看得眼花缭乱，广场上的喷泉射向天空，音乐声响彻云霄，我看后流连忘返。
The night in Nanchang is full of lights. The colorful neon red lights dazzled people. The fountains in the square shot into the sky, and the music was loud in the sky. I lingered after watching them.
南昌是我省的省会，是我省经济文化的中心，我爱南昌，我爱省会。
Nanchang is the capital of our province and the center of economy and culture. I love Nanchang and I love the capital.
My HabbitsI have some habbits, some are good, but some are like reading very much. From reading science books, I get a lot of knowledge. From reading novels, I lose myself in the stories. I like doing sports, too. It helps me keep healthy. Also I never put today's work till tomorrow.
They are all my good habbits. They help me a lot in my daily , I also have some bad habbits. For example, sometimes I do my homework slowly, and stay up till very late. During meals I prefer meat to vegetables. And sometimes I play computer games too long without having a reat. They are all harmful to my now on I'll try to keep my good habbits, and give up the bad ones. Then I'll live better.
I have made many good friends in my class, and my relationships with my classmates are good. We share weal and woe, and we share joys and sorrows. It's really interesting, and the teachers treat us well. I love my school and my class. Among so many subjects, English is the most interesting subject that I have always been interested in. In elementary school, my English grades were very good, but now they are still average! I love writing fairy tales because they often bring me a lot of fun, especially the fairy tales of princesses and small animals. These are my favorite fairy tales!
I have a wish that my life can be better. I hope I can take it to the next level, day by day, and strive to achieve good results this year. I believe I can definitely do it. I believe my confidence will spread throughout the world. Let's work together, learn together! This is a learning method, and future social learning will definitely be better and more outstanding!
As I learn more and grow up gradually, I change in many aspects. My teachers say I study harder and my parents say I am more sensible than before.
As for me, I want to learn more in school and be a good boy to make my parents happy.
Now, I am more focused on lessons and finish my homework actively. I know that only by working hard in study can I get a bright future. At home, I often help my mother in housework.
I want to be more independent so that I can take good care of myself. I don’t want my parents worry too much about me. Besides, I like reading now. I realize books can be my friend, too. It is really interesting.
（一）引用的问题
一个新概念或新理论的产生和出现都是有其历史传承的，有其历史的脉络可循。我们撰写论文离不开前人已做的研究或相关论述，他们的研究发现是我们进一步阐述的基础，因此有必要进行文献引用。引用与抄袭同样都是一种写作手段，但其性质却迥然不同。前者属于著作权法规定的合理使用，后者则属于违法侵权行为。只要文章中出现一处文献引用，在文后参考文献（Bibliography）部分务必按格式列出该文献的完整信息。目前英语界还是沿用美国“现代语言协会”（MLA）的原文引用格式。
（二）论文语言的表述性问题
1、英文标题常用格式
常用的英文标题有四种结构：
1）名词性词组（包括动名词）：Interaction and English Language Teaching
2）介词词组：On Developing English Reading Skills
3）名词词组+介词词组：A Tentative Approach to Cultural Interaction
4 ) 疑问句（多用在人文社会科学领域）：Sino-US Relation：For Better，For Worse？
2、英文标题其他格式
有的标题有两部分组成，用冒号（：）隔开。一般说，冒号前面一部分是研究的对象、内容或课题，比较笼统，冒号后面具体说明研究重点或研究方法。通常分为三种模式：
模式一，研究课题：具体内容
例如：Second Language Vocabulary Acquisition：Research in Progress(二语词汇习得研究：回溯与展望)
模式二，研究课题：方法/性质
例如：Gendered Metaphors of Translation: A Philosophical Interpretation and Deconstruction (翻译的性别化隐喻：哲学的阐释与解构)
模式三，研究课题：问题焦点
例如：Communicative Teaching：Good？ Bad？ Maybe Both？（交际法教学：好？坏？也许两者皆是？）
3、英文摘要问题
1）常用句式
In this paper we describe.
This paper presents.
This paper aimed at.
The author reports.
This study reports.
Investigation on were carried out.
The authors made observations on.
The result showed / It proved / The authors found that.
The author suggests/ concludes/ considers that.
法语二外教学，其主要目标是使学生掌握法语的基础知识和基本技巧。就语言教学而言，是以传授语言知识的方法，辅之以大量的语言练习，使学生掌握正确的发音、基础语。
语教学而言，则是通过反复的、说、读、写初步的综合能力，为研究生法语考试乃至参加法语出国考试(TEF、DELF、DALF等)打下坚实的基础。其内容主要包括两个方面：语音和语法。下面就这两个进行讨论。
(一) 零起点班的语音教学。“零起点班”语音教学一般可经过8周以上的长时间集中训练，中间当然也穿插简短的对话，小学英语教学论文范文以免太枯燥，不利于语音的学习。语音课一开始，就要让学生明确发音部位，只有口形、唇位和舌位正确，才能准确地发出各个音素。要强调法语音素发音时，唇、舌、口腔的动作一般较明显、突出。每个音素要发得清楚、明确而有力。同时，也要让学生明白不能只靠听和模仿练习语音，必须正确掌握每个音素的发音要领，以便使他们更自觉、更努力地按照要求去练习，做到自觉控制自己发音器官的活动，这样学习中便能收到良好的效果。在有限的时间里，使学生掌握基本的发音原理，较有效的方法是在发每一个音时，把这个音素的发音要领讲解清楚。例如，发某一个音时，口是开是闭，双唇是向两边舒展还是向前伸出成圆形，舌尖抵下齿还是舌尖离下齿等等。然后教师示范，学生模仿，在反复的听和模仿中，使他们逐步做到自觉控制和支配自己发音器官的活动。为了使学生更好地领会相关音素发音部位的相异之处，教师可借助于简单的图解加以比较，还可以播放法语发音的确学习视频，通过一些办法来帮助他们训练自己的能力，不排除在期末考试时增加口语的比重，给学生以压力。经过这种反复的训练，大部分学生能够学会基本正确的发音。
(二) 法语的语法常识教学。法语是一门精确、优美的语言。它温婉优雅如少妇，清脆流畅如歌曲，却又苛刻挑剔一板一眼，所以才会被应用到各种外交场合，作为签署法律合同的正式语言。
然而，复杂的语法、特殊的发音以及思维方式的差异无疑都为法语学习者构筑了一道道难关。怎样学好法语，尤其对初学者来说，怎样才能迈进法语学习这个门槛，成为了令人挠头的问题。从最小的方面来说，法语中不管是名词还是形容词，都有阴阳性之分，主谓宾都有配合之说，不但有现在时的变位，还有各种时态的整体配合，可以说是牵一发而动全身，一个词的不同就可能带来整个句子结构的变化。所以，记清单词的阴阳性是第一步。总的来说，记单词没有什么捷径可走，主要靠平时的积累，但记单词的阴阳性还是有一定规律可循的，要善于总结。表示人和动物的名词，一般按自然性别而分，但表示物或者概念的名词往往是约定俗成的。一般地，属于阳性的名词有：表示月份、星期、四季、方位的名词;表示语言的名词;表示金属、树木的名词;除、”结尾的国名。而属于阴性的名词有：水果名词;科学、艺术类名词;以“e”结尾的阴性国名。当然所谓的语言规则都是有例外的，对于一些特殊的名词，学生需要特殊地加以记忆。要学好一门语言，基础打得牢是很重要的。光有单词还不行，要想办法把这些单词连成句子，这就需要动词变位和配合。人称、时态、单复数、阴阳性、宾语位置，一个都不能少。背熟动词变位是表达流利的前，这是需要下一番苦功的，没有什么捷径可走。每天的练习是必不可少的，还有用脑用心，努力寻找共同点，发现规律。至于时态，中文中只需要加词就行了，而在法语中，一定要注意句子的时间是在现在之前还是之后、是过去的过去还是过去的将来、是点动作还是持续动作、是一次性行为还是习惯性行为、是什么样的语式(直陈、命令、虚拟、条件)，这些都是选择动词形态时必须要考虑的。有了句子，就要想办法把它们组成一段话、一篇文章。
What we should do？ First, finding what the source of the situation is. People have destroyed the environment. People have hunted for meat. Actually, wild animals are endangered by some man’s can we do? The first is to make laws to protect endangered species.
One other useful thing is to create protective areas. It could create a safe environment for animals to live animals to the zoo is not the best choice, but better than have been , we must have the moral character to protect the animals, and we must continue living by sharing the land with the other different animals.
Germany's Goethe said: _to grow, you must be unique._ Indeed, a person to grow, progress, must need to innovate.
Ever seen such a story: in 1900, a professor at the Max Planck and son walk in our garden. He resistance loss, I regret to say to the son: _children, very sorry, today have a discovery. It is as important as Newton's discovery._ He put forward a hypothesis that Planck quantum mechanics formula. He resistance loss destroyed his worship has been the discovery and devoutly believe in Newton's theory of perfect for authority. He finally cancelled my assumptions. Human should have benefited from authority, but only with authority and victims, thus making stagnant for decades physics theory. 25 Einstein dared to break through the authority of the holy circle, bold breakthrough, appreciates the Planck hypothesis to depth and extension, puts forward the light quantum theory, laid the foundation of quantum mechanics. Then casual destruction the theory of Newton's absolute time and space, founded the theory of relativity, shocked the world, who rose to fame has become a more great new authority.
Read this story, I understand the innovation should have the courage to deny authority, on learning, we can not blindly accept the new knowledge, to learn to think independently, have the courage to think, continuous innovation. Now, I also gradually formed the good habit of independent thinking.
Innovation is a golden key to open the door to knowledge; Innovation is a clear spring water, water KuHe heart; Innovation is a burning torch, illuminates the future of the road! Because of the innovation, we are happy; Because of the innovation, we are so rich and colorful; Because of the innovation, we are happy; Because of the innovation, we are so wonderful.
德国歌德说过：“要成长，你必须独创才行。”的确，一个人要不断成长，不断进步，必须需要创新。
曾看过这样一则故事：1900年，教授普朗克和儿子在自己的花园里散步。他神情阻丧，很遗憾地对儿子说：“孩子，十分遗憾，今天有个发现。它和牛顿的发现同样重要。”他提出了量子力学假设即普朗克公式。他阻丧这一发现破坏了他一直崇拜并虔诚地信奉为的牛顿的完美理论。他终于宣布取消自己的'假设。人类本应因而受益，却不料竟因而受害，由此使物理学理论停滞了几十年。25岁的爱因斯坦敢于冲破圣圈，大胆突进，赞赏普朗克假设并向纵深引申，提出了光量子理论，奠定了量子力学的基础。随后又随意破坏了牛顿的绝对时间和空间的理论，创立了震惊世界的相对论，一举成名，成了一个更伟大的新。
看完这则故事，我懂得了创新要勇于否定，在学习上，我们不能一味的接受新的知识，要学会独立思考，勇于思考，不断创新。现在，我也逐渐养成了独立思考的好习惯。
创新是一把金色的钥匙，打开知识的大门;创新是一股清澈的泉水，浇灌枯涸的心灵;创新是燃烧的火把，照亮未来的路!因为创新，我们才这么的幸福;因为创新，我们才这么的丰富多彩;因为创新，我们才这么的快乐;因为创新，我们才这么的精彩。
基于以上原则，“整体语言教学”对专业英语的教学活动有很大的指导意义，通过“整体语言教学”能够把听、说、读、写、译技能整合为一体，加强师生互动，使英语教学更加高效和科学，在学习英语的同时还能拓展学生的知识面，培养学生的思辨能力，增强学生的主体意识和自学能力。
1、改变教学模式
“高级英语”教学应以批判式阅读带动口语输出，并以学生为中心强调师生互动、生生协作。在教学实践中，通过引入专业性和实用性话题，鼓励学生积极参加演讲、讨论、辩论和作文互评等活动，将学生的竞争关系变为协作关系，将封闭的语言技能训练变为开放的观点的沟通和思想的碰撞，从而全面提升学生的语言综合能力和批判性思维能力。
2、整合教学内容
3、改革教学方法
在“高级英语”教学过程中，教学活动应以学生为中心。教师首先应该加强与学生的沟通，了解学生的兴趣、能力以及需要，甚至可以让学生自由结合成兴趣小组，每一组负责一个单元的话题讨论主题。同时，教师可以结合社会热点话题和教材内容给学生提供大量的练习机会，在提高语音、语调技巧的基础上，注重口语会话的策略、演讲和辩论的技巧指导；同时增加与课文内容相关的有深度的重大社会和国际热点问题内容，在教学方法上侧重具有高度互动性的演讲和辩论等课堂活动，把批判性思维能力诸要素的训练纳入整个教学过程之中。
4、建立合理的考评体系
目前“高级英语”课程主要以意译、翻译、完形填空、阅读理解、作文等形式为主进行考试，主要考察的是学生的读、写、译技能，没有体现语言的整体性和综合运用能力，更不能有效考察学生的批判性思维能力。而考试又是督促、指导学生进行学习和自我提升的有效方法，因此建立一个科学合理的考评体系是“高级英语”教学改革的一项重要内容。可以将单一的考试改为考评结合的方式，平时课堂活动的参与和表现占期末总成绩的30%，而卷面成绩占期末总成绩的70%，考题设置和评分也要体现对学生思维能力的考察，从而促进学生技能训练和思维能力的全面发展。
星期一下午，我在厨房里洗碗。
On Monday afternoon, I wash dishes in the kitchen.
我先把水烧热，把碗放进水里，一只手拿毛巾，另一只手拿碗，认认真真、仔仔细细地擦洗。然后我把洗了的碗放进水池里冲洗干净。最后我把冲洗干净的碗放进消毒柜里消毒。洗碗的过程中容易打碎碗，所以我十分小心。
First, I heat the water and put the bowl into the water. One hand holds the towel and the other hand holds the bowl. I wash it carefully and conscientiously. Then I put the washed bowl into the pool and wash it. Finally, I put the washed bowl into the sterilizer to disinfect. It's easy to break the dishes in the process of washing, so I'm very careful.
洗完了碗，妈妈高兴地表扬我说：“你真是个能干的好孩子”。
After washing the dishes, my mother happily praised me and said, _you are such a capable child._.
The closing ceremony must take place in the stadium after the end of all the events Behind them march the athletes, without distinction of nationality
The President of the IOC and the President of the OCOG mount the rostrum The flag of the host country is then hoisted on the central flagpole, while its anthem is played
The mayor of the host city joins the President of the IOC on the rostrum and returns to him the Olympic flag This flag must be displayed in the latter city's main municipal building Olympiad closed and, in accordance with tradition, I call upon the youth of the world to assemble four years from now at Olympiad_ A farewell song resounds.
英语小作文的一般都可分为三段，同学们在写作的时候要注意开头和结尾。从第一段中就可得知是何种类型的小作文，说的什么问题。在称呼上，如果是不认识的人，一般称呼为敬词+尊称。例如，DearSirorMadam;如果是写给关系正式的某团体或个人，称呼为敬词+尊称+名。例如，或;对于关系较亲密的人可以直呼其名。
正文格式一般格式为首段开头空四个字母，段落之间不空行;现在流行的格式，每段开头不空格，但是各段之间空一行。考生在格式方面可以根据自己的习惯进行选择。只要让阅卷人看得舒服，且完全符合应用文要求的文体就可以。
最有一段一般是回应第一段，或者再次表达感谢，期待回复等。简练在特别注意的。最后一段不需要含有很多的信息点，侧重固定词语的运用。
Many friends of mine who study in the north upload a lot of interesting pictures about snowmen on their personal blogs. I think they must have fun when they made a snowman. Every time I tell my parents we should go to the north for Spring Festival, but they don't agree (my father has some relations in Shanxi where snows every year) they think we could get sick because of the cold weather.
I know that the cultural in the north is totally different from south. I hear that they eat noodles all the time. I just want to travel to there to test it by myself. I wish i can save enough money, so I can go there to see the view of the north.
Taking care of our environment is very important. It is well-known that man,as well as living things,can’t live without water or air. However,many factories pour waste water directly into the rivers or lakes. They also give out a lot of smoke directly into the air. Some people throw rubbish everywhere. So our environment is getting worse and worse. Polluted water or air is harmful to us all.
It is our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy. We shouldn’t throw about waste things. We must plant many trees,flowers and grass. If everyone protects the environment,the world will become more beautiful.
The so-called innovation, in a nutshell, is following as predecessors, not conformism again; Draw lessons from others, and some original; Effort to have a new perspective to observe the situation, to promote work with new ideas, to solve the problem there is a new way, make each work conform, grasp regularity and creative.
Practice is the foundation of innovation, from practice, innovation has become non-existent, madrassa reflected. Experience tells us that innovation should be everything from set out actually, in our country's reform and opening up and modernization construction as the center, focus on the use of marxist theory, dare to abandon the inappropriate knowledge, ideas, practices, and form a practical line, principles and policies, the development of the cause of our tobacco. China has a proverb: always suspected - innovation originated, have the courage to break the suspected - innovative energy. Lu xun once said, the first to eat crab is very impressive. The first person to eat crab, in addition to brave, is first and foremost a longer than the discoverer of the question.
People, progress and development, there will be a force for its continued upward momentum, enable people to produce strong intellectual curiosity and creativity, thus promoting people unyielding, hard work. The formation of the power, it is based on hard learning and knowledge accumulation. People learn, the more the greater the unknown world, people will feel his lack of knowledge; And more continuous learning accumulation, more can create something new in it.
Innovation, honesty and modesty is required. Some say, humility is a kind of mental state of calm in the face of achievement and honor, is a kind of practical and content to the students' thinking character. Era in the development and social progress. In the great practice of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way, we also need to adhere to the marxist theoretical character of keeping pace with The Times, the innovation consciously as a kind of unremitting pursuit, always maintain a agressivness, momentum, a pitch to _, make more straight to the sea in full sail _open mind and tolerance, development innovation.
In this way can we constantly in the great practice have been invented, find and create something new in it, and forward, our country only constant progress!
所谓创新，概括地说，就是继成前人，又不因循守旧;借鉴别人，又有所独创;努力做到观察形势有新视角，推进工作有新思路，解决问题有新办法，使各项工作体现时代性，把握规律性，富于创造性。
实践是创新的基础，离开实践，创新便成了无本之木，无源之水。经验告诉我们，创新应该一切从实际出发，以我国的改革开放和现代化建设为中心，着眼于马克思主义理论的运用，敢于摒弃不合时宜的认识、观念、做法，形成切合实际的路线、方针、政策，发展我们的烟草事业。中国有句格言：常有所疑——创新的发端，勇于破疑——创新的能源。鲁迅先生曾说过，第一个吃螃蟹的人很令人佩服。第一个吃螃蟹的人，除了英勇无畏，首先是一个长于质疑的发现者。
人，要进步，要发展，都要有一股推动其不断向上的动力，使人们能够产生强烈的求知欲和创造力，由此推动人们自强不息，努力奋斗。这个动力的形成，正是基于勤奋学习和知识累积。人们越是学习，未知的世界越大，人们也就越感到自身知识的缺乏;而越不断学习积累，越能不断有所创造。
创新，需要诚实和谦逊的态度。有人说，谦逊是一种坦然面对成就和荣誉的精神境界，是一种求真务实、甘当学生的思想品格。时代在发展，社会在进步。在全面建设小康社会的'伟大实践中，我们更需要坚持马克思主义与时俱进的理论品质，自觉地把创新作为一种不懈的追求，始终保持一股闯劲、冲劲、韧劲，以“长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”的宽广胸怀与气度，开拓创新。
这样，我们才能在伟大实践中不断有所发明、有所发现、有所创造、有所前进，我们的国家才不断进步!
In the life, to be successful, innovation is indispensable, but lack the inheritance, innovation will become like, non-existent. So, they can't succeed. Only can develop their own characteristics, innovative and also good at inheriting predecessors' tradition, will be more successful.
Inheritance and innovation is the rain and water relationship, not only inherited like fish without water, again good innovation will also become the castles in the air, there won't be lasting vitality; But only the water without fish seems more show only inheriting no innovation of desolation, lifeless. Only fish and water reunification together, will become angry. As innovation and inheriting perfectly together, will bear fruits of success as well.
Innovation is important, but the inheritance is equally important. If you want to succeed, inheritance and innovation is indispensable. _Ask canal that clearly madly, origin._ No inheritance is like, and did not have innovation is a pool, only in the inheritance based on innovation, will really _ Without impurities _.
听 Listen to dialogues about distance, intentions, and numerals
说 Talk about distance, show intentions, say numbers and make a phone call in English
读 Read dialogues about trips 写 Write a plan
句式：
1. Talk about distance
—How far is it from … to …?
—It’s … kilometers. / It’s about …
2. Asking for permission
May I …?
Yes, you may. /No, you may not.
3. Showing Intentions
Do you want …?
I want….
Let’s take a …, …is faster/slower than….
4. Others
How many … do you have?
Please (don’t) ...
毕业论文开题报告是指学生就所拟毕业论文论题撰写的关于该论题的研究方案。毕业论文开题报告应在对国内外相关论题的资料收集、比较、分析基础上，明确本论文所研究的问题及其所具有的学术意义和预期目标，意在使论文指导教师和其他论题审核人相信该论题具有学术研究意义或价值，同时，也相信学生有能力实现预期研究目标。
古语说的好“凡事预则立，不预则废”。选题开题是选题实质性研究工作的开始，关系到学生研究的方向和进程。因此，学生必须按照学校开题报告的内容要求和格式规范认真撰写开题报告并进行答辩。
Recently, there is an exciting news that Alibaba Group has appeared on the market in the NYSE. It changes the traditional business model and provides a bran-new petitive industry, E-business. As we all know, it must be ascribed to the creative force of Jack Ma,chairman of Alibaba. So,we realize that creative spirit plays a vital role in our modern life.
As the old saying goes, innovation is the soul of the nation. With the rapid economy development in the whole world, human beings greatly reckon on creativity in variety of aspects and it is extremely nesessary in our life. First of all, creativity depends the progress and prosperity of a country. For example, our country has achieved anything since we followed the policy of reform and opening. What obvious feature is, the ine of people is increasing and the living standard is greatly improved. All changes which have been taken place benefit from creative of our country. Secondly, it has huge effects in technology. If human want to be strong,we can overe difficulties, such as serious disease, environment pollution, food shortage and so on, therefore we need to use creative spirit to process technology innovation drastically. In addition, everyone also have consciousness of innovation. Everybody have the duty to do some thing to promote the advancement of our society, whatis more, we can obtain joyfully from creative work.
To sum up, human need creativity. It is closely related with our life, and I believe creative spirits are indispensable parts in our lives, and will be more and more importment in the future.
春姑娘姗姗的向我们走来，给我们的生活添了几分色彩。在河边的小柳树拼命的抽出了可爱的、嫩绿的柳丝，燕子又飞了回来，一会儿又飞到小草上，东张西望，一会儿神气十足的站在电线上，好像是五线谱，而燕子是音符，好一曲音乐！河边的一些矮房子，搭配着这幅美丽的画卷。
Spring girl came to us slowly, adding some color to our life. The little willow tree on the river desperately drew out the lovely and green willow silk. The swallow flew back again, then flew to the grass, looked around, and stood on the wire with full air, like a staff, while the swallow is a musical note, which is a good music! Some low houses along the river are matched with this beautiful picture.
燕子和伙伴说着笑着，一阵风吹来，再不是那么刺骨了，而是那么温柔……
Swallows and partners are talking and laughing. A gust of wind blows. It's not so harsh anymore, but so gentle
with the economic globalization becoming increasingly intensive, invention or innovation has become one of central topic around the world. many countries see it as the key to develop their economy. our government, with no eception, regard it as the soul of our nation.
what, however, can we benefit from it? first of all, invention or innovation can enhance overall national economy, which is important to heighten our nation status in the world. additionally, if factories have the abilities in invention, the factories will be booming. as a result, they can provide our people with more jobs and it will make our nation more stable. what is more, a majority of new products may be avaible through invention. therefore, it is also significant factor for improving our living standards. owing to such benefits, no wonder more and more countries focus on invention today.
recognizing its importance is only the fist step to advocate invetion or innovation, and some effective measures should be taken for it. for one thing, our authority should continue to enlarge the recruit of graduate. for another, the conditions of scientists and skilled workers should be further improved. only in this way, can the soul of our nation be fully embodied and our nation have a brighter future.
Most people emphasize the important of creativity. What is creativity? Creativity is the bringing into being of something that does not exist before, it can be a product, a process or a thought. But China is criticized as one of the countries which lack of creativity. It is because creative thinking are not advocated in our education system. Creativity is the most crucial factor for future success. Most successful leaders or managers own creativity, they can set their country or company apart from competition. They innovate a new way to develop or solve the crisis. Two good examples are Bill Gate of Mircosoft and Steve Jobs of Apple. In order to compete in the future, developing creativity is a must in China.
天气渐渐变热，夏天带着热情的笑容，迈着有力的步伐向我们走来。
It's getting hotter and hotter. Summer comes to us with a warm smile and a strong step.
我非常喜欢夏天，因为这样我又能穿上漂亮的裙子了，还能去游泳。到了晚上，我又可以去野外抓萤火虫儿，这时候我就不由自主地笑出声来。
I like summer very much because I can put on my beautiful skirt and go swimming again. In the evening, I can go to the wild to catch fireflies again. At this time, I can't help laughing.
可我也讨厌夏天，因为夏天不能出去玩，只能睡觉，还不知道会被蚊子咬成什么样子？这时，我就皱起眉头。
But I also hate summer, because summer can't go out to play, can only sleep, still don't know what will be bitten by mosquitoes? Then I frown.
哎，夏天，让我欢喜让我忧。
Ah, summer, let me happy let me worry.
According to legend, China famous ancient military strategist Sun Bin teacher Guiguzi in teaching extremely good at cultivating students' innovative methods have a unique style, one day, Sun Bin and Pang Juan each to Guiguzi axe, let them cut firewood in the mountains, _Chai smoke-free, Bai Dan surplus, and the deadline is pleted within 10 without thinking, every day more than Bin after careful consideration, choose some elm into a big belly of the cellar hole, charcoal, and then with a cypress made of elm pole, burning charcoal will bear back to 100 (Gui Dong, Bai Dan (ELM)) more days later, in the cave Guiguzi first lit pangjuan charcoal, the fire was flourishing, but the lit the charcoal Guiguzi bin, fire and is the desired guiguzi.
Sun Bin and Pang Juanxuecheng apprenticeship, Sun Bin could reach the acme of perfection, informality in the mon sense, but it was just a little bit worse story can tell us the importance of innovation, our life needs innovation, it is the driving force of our progress, is the soul of our we want to bee a useful person, we should not only strive to learn the knowledge of our predecessors, but also be good at creating and innovating.
Innovation is the means of enriching innovation, I think, the first electric lamp was born, we even in the dim light under the kerosene lamp life; the first aircraft has not yet appeared, people even after months, years of work hard, travel to reach the destination; there is no innovation, society not so modernized. The relationship between people is not so important innovation is to us! Great playwright Shakespeare once said, _beauty is life, beauty is innovation._._This tells us the true saying, should use their own hands to create and decorate our is an important symbol of life for a better future, and is the source of social development.
Innovation is a kind of spiritual realm of human beings, it is not too high to be reached, we should not only inherit the achievements, but also learn the civilization achievements of others, and then continue to use their brains, broaden their horizons, there will be a new way of thinking, it can promote the development of the society, make our life more rich and keeps changing our lives, keeping us away from the rut, the tedium, the stagnant boredom, and making life more interesting, interesting and , an innovative life is more interesting.
The Way of Thinking Between Boys and Girls
Last night, I saw an interesting movie, it told about a boy and a girl who were at the same age, but the way they thought was so different. The boy was skin-deep, he judged the person by their faces, while the girl could think much further, she found the beauty of life. During their process of growing, finally the boy became mature and started to have the real talk with the girl. I learn that boys and girls indeed think in a very different way, so misunderstanding always happens. It is important to have the communication, so that they can know each other’s thoughts.
今天，学校来了一个特别好的语文老师。
Today, a very good Chinese teacher came to our school.
那老师说话很温柔，不像别的老师一样，像个老虎一样。
The teacher is very gentle, unlike other teachers, like a tiger.
我很快认识了很多拼音，到了考试公布成绩的时候，老师晡颐遣虏碌谝幻撬a我们谁也不知道，便说：“老师，别卖关子了，快说吧。
I got to know a lot of Pinyin very quickly. When the exam results were announced, our teacher, Bu Yi, sent Lu Huan to pry A. We didn't know anyone, so we said, _teacher, don't play games. Let's talk about it.
“我宣布，这次获得大奖的是杨静。”
_I declare that Yang Jing won the grand prize this time._
那一天，我兴奋极了。
I was so excited that day.
夏天的中午，天气非常热，小胖和大象一起来到小岛上玩，小胖问大象：＂你热吗？＂大象说：＂热呀！今天的'太阳可真大呀！＂小胖说：＂我们在小河边洗个澡吧！＂
At noon in summer, it's very hot. Xiaopang and the elephant come to the island to play together. Xiaopang asks the elephant, _are you hot? _The elephant said,_ it's hot! What a big sun today! _Xiaopang said,_ let's take a bath by the river! _
于是，小胖拿着沐浴喷头帮大象洗澡，大象给小胖洗澡．太阳看见他们一起洗澡说：＂他们是一对好朋友．＂
As a result, xiaopang took a shower nozzle to help the elephant bathe, and the elephant bathed xiaopang. The sun saw them bathing together and said, _they are a pair of good friends._
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Importance of Innovation by commenting on Rosabeth Moss Kanter's famous remark “Mindless habitual behavior is the enemy of innovation.”You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. The Importance of Innovation “Mindless habitual behavior is the enemy of innovation. ” I assume that you are familiar with Rosabeth Moss Kanter's famous remark. It is obvious that a man who always stick to habit and experience can hardly create new things . Rosabeth Moss Kanter's remark aims at informing us of the significance of innovation. Why does innovation play an indispensable role in our life ? innovation can promote the advancement of both individuals and society as a whole. only those who are innovative can make continuous progress and maintain a competitive edge. Quite a few examples can be given to prove the importance of A, and I can think of no better illustration than the following one: how could Steve Jobs, a genius who changed the way of modern communication, recreation and even our life, launch so many powerful electronic products constantly without creative spirit? We should always bear in mind that the consciousness of innovation is of great significance to us all. Hence, we need to develop a habit of discovering new things,using new methods and applying new thoughts in our work, study or simply everyday life. “Innovation is the spirit of human being's progress.” A philosopher once said. (202 words)
1.公共英语组和英语专业组各设四个奖励等级，特等奖2名（专业1名、非专业1名）；一等奖2名（专业1名、非专业1名）；二等奖奖3名（专业1名、非专业2名）；三等奖4名（专业2名，非专业2名）
2. 分院优秀组织奖1项。
——第十三届全国创新英语大赛选手感言3篇
假设你是新华中学的李华，你和在上海上学的英国朋友Tom 约好下周去北京旅游，但你因故不能赴约。请给他写封Email 1. 表示歉意 2.解释原因 3.另约时间
I am indeed very sorry that I can’t go to Beijing with you next week, which I have promised. I feel sorry about it and want you to know what happened.
Just now , my cousin ,Li qiang ,who left home to Australia for his further study last year, informed me that he would return this Saturday morning and asked me to pick him up at the airport with his family. You know , we haven’t seen each other for nearly a year.
I sincerely hope you can accept my apologies and understand me . I would appreciate your allowing me to make another date to show you around Beijing . Once again, I’m sorry for any inconvenience caused.
Sincerely yours ,
Are Flies Yummy?
苍蝇好吃吗?
Tony and his father are eating dinner.
托尼正和他爸爸一起吃晚餐。
Suddenly Tony asks his father, “Dad, are flies yummy?”
突然，托尼问他的爸爸：“爸爸，苍蝇好吃吗?”
Dad frowns and says, “No, I think it’s yucky. Why do you ask me this question? It’s a sillyquestion.”
爸爸皱眉说：“我想不好吃。你怎么会问这个问题?这可是一个愚蠢的'问题。”
But Tony says, “ There was one fly in your plate.”
可是托尼说：“刚才你盘子里有一只苍蝇。”
某校英文报社开设了一个专栏：experience . 本期话题是如何解决学习中遇到的困难。请你以“my approach to difficulties in learning” 为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈自己的一些做法。
My approach to difficulties in learning
As school students , we run into one difficulty after another in the process of learning . Everyone has their own ways to deal with them . Here I would like to share mine.
When I am faced with a difficulty , I usually choose to refer to relevant learning materials or web pages . In this way , I can not only work it out but also improve my ability to overcome problems all by myself .
However , when it is something beyond my competence , I turn to my classmates or teachers for help . Sometimes I also ask my parents for advice . As a result , I have made steady progress in my studies .
Chongming Island, China's third largest island, is situated at the mouth of the Yangtze River. With an area of nearly 1,200 square kilometers, it is a perfect place for a back-to-nature weekend because of its pleasant climate, loamy land, green forest and crossing rivers.
You can take cruise from Bao Yang Port or Shi Dong Kou Port and it departs at about every 30 minutes. Also, the cruises arrive at different ports on Chongming Island (Nan Men Port, Xin He Port and Bao Village Port). You can take a taxi or a bus to travel around the island. The good thing here is, whatever you need, transfer, food or accommodation, they can be bargained. For your convenience, you may need to charter a taxi to drop or pick you up at the scenic spots. And it is easy to find a restaurant or a guesthouse to stay.
Chongming Island is shaped long and narrow. Dongping Forest Park is at the central area of the island, which is a real recreational area for riding horse or bicycle, hiking, camping, barbecuing, paintball shooting, racing, rock climbing, etc. Chongming County is where Nan Men Port is located. It is said that strolling around the small county is like back to the old Shanghai. The local food is quite different from what you have in the city, much more delicate and tasty. Believe it or not, you may find out by yourself. One more thing, when you go back to Shanghai, please make sure you have time to catch the last bus.
崇明岛，为我国第三大岛。崇明岛位于西太*洋沿岸中国海岸线的中点地区，地处中国最大河流长江入海口。东*国家森林公园坐落于——崇明岛中北部，面积358公顷，是华东地区最大的*原人造森林，这里也是上海地区著名的旅游胜地，上海十佳休闲旅游新景点之一。
公园内林竹茂盛，百鸟鸣唱，曲径通幽，碧波荡漾，野趣盎然，徜徉其间，令人尘虑尽消，流连忘返。目前园内拥有建筑风格独特的钟馗苑、游客中心，气势不凡的游船码头，国际标准的攀岩场，极休闲的阳光浴场。此外，园内还设置了帐篷、垂钓、 烧烤、骑马、射箭、沙滩排球、沙滩泳场、根雕馆、卡丁车、森林童话园等名目繁多的游乐项目和配套设施。每年春、夏、秋三季，成千上万的候鸟迁徙而来繁衍后代，翔集噪鸣于林，成为公园一大奇观。此外，去崇明踏青，交通和住宿都很方便，只是大家不要太过贪玩而赶不上最后一班车。
假定你是李华，正在一所英国学校学习暑期课程，遇到一些困难，希望得到学校辅导中心(Learning Center)的帮助。根据学校规定，你需要书面预约，请按下列的要求写一封信：1.本人简介 2.求助内容 3.约定时间 4.你的联系方式(Email: lihua@ ; Phone:12345678)
Dear Sir ,
I’m LiHua , a Chinese student taking summer course in your university . I’m writing to ask for help . I came here last month and found my courses interesting .But I have some difficulty with note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library . I was told the learning center provides help for students and I’m anxious to get help from you. I have no class on Tuesdays mornings and Friday afternoons . Please let me know which day is ok with you. You may email or phone me . Here are my email address and phone number :lihua@ ; 1234567.
Look forward to your reply .
Li Hua
热得想在蒸笼一样的夏天来临了了。
It's so hot that the steaming summer is coming.
太阳公公出来上班了，他晒在地面上，把人们晒得发狂；把地晒得软软的，把花儿晒得低着头。他们高声叫道：“太阳公公啊！太阳公公，你把我们要晒焦了。”
When sun Gong came out to work, he was basking on the ground, which made people crazy; he was basking in the ground soft, which made the flowers head down. They shouted, _Father Sun! Mr. Sun, you are scorching us. _
高坡上的树木埃埃挤挤的，远看一片绿的海洋，它也高声的叫道：“太阳，太阳，你生气，你不要把你的气晒在我们的身上啊！”
The trees on the high slope are crowded. Looking at a green ocean from afar, they also shout loudly: _the sun, the sun, you are angry. Don't sun your air on us!_
There is a vivid saying which says “If tradition can be likened to the roots and trunk of a tree, innovation is its leaves and fruits.”
一句非常生动的话语这样说：＂如果传统可以被比作树木的根，那么创新就是它的树叶和果实。＂
I quite applaud this simile. From my perspective, tradition and innovation are doomed to coexist perpetually. First and foremost, tradition is a solid foundation for innovation, with abundant nutrition we can absorb, such as scientific experiment approaches and science spirits.
我非常同意这一比喻。在我看来，传统和创新必定会永恒地共存下去。首先也是最重要的是，传统是创新坚实的基础，它有着许多我们可以吸收的养分，就像过去的科学实验方法，以及科学精神。
Secondly, it’s the drawbacks of tradition in certain fields that give rise to inspiration and momentum to innovate. For instance, Thomas Edison, who caught the sight of the inconvenience of traditional gas light, conducted experiments and eventually invented light bulb.
另一方面，正式因为有某些领域的传统方式有缺陷，才有了人们创新的动力。比如，爱迪生看到了汽灯的不足，进行实验并最终发明了电灯。
On the contrary, innovation will certainly fight against tradition. When an innovation satisfies people’s expectation ,it can gain popularity and finally make itself a new element in tradition ，which will be held in high esteem.
反过来说，创新必将和传统进行对抗。当创新满足了人们的.期待和需要，它就获得了人气并将自己变成了传统的新元素,它也将获得尊重。
In a word, tradition and innovation can never be separated. At the very time, with the ever-increasing speed of innovation, a diversity of newly-born technology and hi-tech products penetrate our daily life. I’m convinced that we’d better be absolutely conscious of our root——tradition and give priority to it. Only when we gain a thorough comprehension of it can we accomplish magnificent innovation and exert positive effect on our society as a whole.
总而言之，传统和创新密不可分。在如今，当创新的步伐飞增，各种各样的高科技产品涌入我们的生活中，我认为我们必须给与传统以优先权。只有这样，我们才能充分理解它，创新并为社会的发展贡献积极的力量
通过开题报告答辩后就可以进入论文的起草阶段了。论文的起草必须由本人独立完成，不准找人代笔，不准抄袭他人作品或照搬他人观点。论文应层次分明、论点突出，论述充分。按计划在规定的最后期限前将初稿交予指导教师批阅。在收到指导教师的修改意见后对论文认真进行修改，直至指导老师同意定稿。因此，学院必须注重完善学校关于毕业论文工作的制度建设。制定相关文件，做好毕业论文写作、答辩与成绩评定工作。开设毕业论文写作指导课，或开办讲座，为学生配备优秀的指导老师。
There is a wonderful word which expresses the most original motions and desires among human-beings. With solving any kind of imperfections，our world has moved ahead. This is the word“innovation”that we cannot afford to lose.
We chicaned every detail of the innovation. Thousands years before，we created fire when we took a stone to knock another one. Since Han Dynasty，four great inventions had been created and it is one of the greatest signs that China bee to the ancient civilized country. And nowadays，thousands of software，products，architectures and public facilities have upgraded more than that about 100 years ago. So how did these happen? What will you do if you are not satisfied with your tools anymore? What will you do if old mode cannot afford to develop in a pany? There is no doubt that we should innovate no matter where we are and what we do. Not because of the design itself，but actually for its intended purpose.
If there was no Apple，everyone could not imagine how to contact others easily and enjoy a better Internet surfing.
If there was no Microsoft，perhaps we still worked in a dim office and duplicate some troublesome documents. If there was no Newton，and no theory of gravity，maybe I will win the Nobel Prize like Newton rather than just standing here. I have heard that three apple changed the world. The first one seduced Eve. The second one awakened Newton. The third one was in the hands of Steve Jobs. We sort of think the innovation of the world began with apple. I imagine lots of people want to bee another Newton or Jobs right now with just one hand to change the world，right? Have the innovation to follow your heart. It somehow already reflects what you truly want to bee. Everything else is secondary.
Via questioning，we can start to innovate. Via innovating，we can start to create better lives. No innovation，no improvement. No improvement，no success. And no success，no civilization. Now，our time is limited，so don't waste it living someone else's life! Don't let the noise of others' opinions drown out your own inner voice! Don't let yourself down! It is the innovation that we cannot afford to lose!
(一)运用精讲多练的方法。通常，教师在讲台上讲，吐沫飞溅，学生在下面被动地听，一知半解，这完全是填鸭式的教学。所谓精讲多练，就是少讲，重要的部分着重讲，多练，讲了就练，不做练习就不知道哪些地方还有不明白的，这样可以为学生创造更多思考和锻炼的机会。
(三)法语和英语的比较学习法。分两个方面：语音比较和语法比较。
1. 语音比较。英语和法语同属印欧语系，在语音和拼读规则方面存在着许多相近之处。在教学中有目的的采取汉、英、法语音点的对比，能促进理解，避免混淆，事半功倍。法语共36个音素，其中元音16个。元音读法主要受舌位影响，比较英、法元音发音的舌位，可分析其中的相近与不同之处。法语16个元音全是单元音，且没有长、短音之分。而英语则有单元音和双元音两种元音类型。对比两种语言元音发音的舌位，可发现发音部位相似的。对比分析有两方面的含义：一方面是教师在备课时对英法三种语音进行比较，找出它们的异同点。既要分析可起到正迁移的作用的有利因素，更重要的是找出英语中那些语音现象对法语语音学习将起干扰(负迁移)的作用。另一方面，在课堂教学中，可对某些容易混淆的语音现象适当利用汉、英、法比较(尤其是，英法比较)的方法，帮助学生掌握法语语音的特点，使负迁移转化为正迁移。如学生很容易将法语单词的重音放在词首，教师就应指出两者的读音区别，并加强练习，尤其是英法形似词之间的读音区别。
2. 语法比较。英语和法语同属印欧语系，在长期的相互影响下，它们的语法之间会不可避免的出现一些相似之处。但是在许多方面也存在相当明显的差异。从词形学上，可对比它们的名词、冠词、代词和动词等用法;从句法学上，可对比它们的时态还有法语的条件式和英语的虚拟语式。
There is a very beautiful mountain in our county. There are many trees and flowers on the mountain. There are also many animals and birds. But very few people come to visit it. Because it is far away, and there is noting for children to play there.
Some people want to build an amusement park at the foot of the mountain. Then there may be more visitors. But some people do not agree, because the amusement park may ruin the environment.
So what do you think? Shall we build an amusement park? Why or why not?
译文：
在我们的村镇有一座非常美丽的大山。那里有很多树和鸟，但是很少人来这里玩。因为太远了，而且那里没有小孩玩。
有一些人想在山脚下建一个游乐园。那样就会有很多人来玩。但是有些人认为不好，因为游乐园会毁坏环境的。
你怎样认为？我们因不因该建游乐园？为什么？
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